|
|
|
|
|
Cross-sections are used to depict the geology and stratigraphy of the subsurface. Typically cross-sections intersect several boreholes, and possibly other cross-sections, that may or may not be along a straight line. The stratigraphic information from the boreholes and intersecting cross-sections is combined with other knowledge of the area to generate the cross-section.
WinFence can be used to graphically create detailed, full-color, cross-sections easily and quickly. The program can be used to interpret and map soil and rock layers, contamination, fossils, minerals and hydrocarbons.
In version 2, fence diagrams can now be displayed and manipulated. Fence diagrams are used to show a 3 dimensional representation of one or more cross-sections, that may or may not intersect. In this chapter the creation and editing of cross-sections is described. In chapter 5, the creation and editing of fence diagrams is described.
A wide variety of strata can be used to create cross-sections using WinFence. Types of strata that can be used include layers, faults, lenses, intrusions, and alteration zones. Very detailed and complicated stratigraphy can be represented and easily drawn. Layers can contain multiple segments to represent unconformities and erosion in highly faulted zones.
In version 2 there is the option to have the program automatically generate the cross-section. This is done using artificial intelligence (AI) built-into the program. When determining how to connect the strata between boreholes, wells, and intersecting cross-sections the program looks at the similarities in the lithologies, thicknesses, and occurrence of the strata. This methodology works well with most geologies; except, where the geology is very complicated or there are faults. In addition, the program’s AI will not be able to determine alteration zones. However, these zones can be added and the strata can be edited after the cross-section has been generated.
Also new in version 2 is the ability to display and use deviated boreholes and wells. The deviated borehole and well data must first be entered in WinLoG. After the deviation data has been entered the borehole/well will be displayed in true depth on the cross-sections.
WinFence shares the same database as WinLoG, and can be used to access and plot the borehole data entered in WinLoG. Several types of borehole data can be plotted on the cross-sections; including lithologic symbols, sample symbols, core logs, well diagrams, graphs, and geophysical logs. The actual borehole log data can be opened and edited in WinLoG by double-clicking on it in WinFence.
All cross-section data for a project is stored in a Microsoft Access database. This database allows for the quick storage and retrieval of cross-section data and can be interfaced with a variety of other programs. There is no limit to the number of projects and cross-sections that can be stored in the database. The database is setup to work across a network if desired, with each project stored in a separate directory.
The format of the cross-section is controlled by a template, that can be easily edited and customized. Templates are used to specify the format and position of the cross-section, title bar, legend block. location map, and scale bar. Company logos, bitmaps, text paragraphs, lines, arrows, and rectangles can also be added to templates.
This chapter describes how to:
These tasks can be performed using menu commands on the Edit menu or buttons on the Cross Section toolbar.
To make it easier to enter the cross-section data, the Cross Section toolbar should be turned on if it is not currently displayed. If the Show Cross Section Toolbar option in the View menu is not checked, click on the option to display the toolbar. If the Cross Section toolbar is displayed in collapsed mode, then click on the "SEC" button to expand the toolbar.